Trends Identified
Meso-scale models to forecast dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena
The meso-scale model to forecast dangerous hydrometeorological phenomena is a software package incorporating an actual mesoscale atmospheric model; a unit to prepare input data, constraints and surface properties (pre-processing); and a postprocessing unit to process modelling output data, additional calculations and visualisation. Such models, implemented for limited territories, already serve as a means to provide a detailed forecast of meteorological fields with various parameters (temperature, humidity, pressure, precipitation, wind), and the sampling resolution of the computer grids for operational weather forecasting does not exceed 2 km2. Improving these models will enhance the accuracy and scales of the fore casts of dangerous phenomena, both for “purely atmospheric” (storm wind speed, largescale precipitation, etc.) and for series of hydrometeorological phenomena (storm surges, floods, rough seas, avalanches, etc.).
2016
Russia 2030: science and technology foresight
Russia, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Messaging eats the world
Top messaging apps—WhatsApp, Facebook Messenger, WeChat, QQ, and Skype—now collectively count nearly five billion monthly active users, according to We Are Social and Hootsuite’s 2018 Q3 Global Digital Statshot.
2019
Social media trends 2019
Hootsuit
Metabolic engineering products
Biotechnological processes to produce biologically active compounds based on targeted modification of the producing organism’s pathways using metabolic engineering techniques will make it possible to produce amino acides, vitamins, antibiotics, enzymes, recombinant proteins and other products. The increased effectiveness of new methods of metabolic engineering and bio- engineering against the backdrop of traditional methods (random mutagenesis, etc.) reduces the cost of the product and creates the necessary conditions for mass application in various industries.
2016
Russia 2030: science and technology foresight
Russia, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Metallic hydrogen energy storage
Example of Organizationsactive in the area: NASA (US).
2018
Table of disruptive technologies
Imperial College London
Methods to forecast natural and man-made disasters and their after-effects based on observation data
Over the past two decades there has been active development in methods to forecast natural and man-made disasters and their after-effects based on observation data. For this, geographic information systems (GIS technology) has been used which, among other things, allows you to collect operational data, analyse the signs of brewing earthquakes and assess possible threats of their occurrence on a spatiotemporal scale. The prospective techniques that are being developed for earthquake regions will be based on detecting changes in the pattern of the solarterrestrial structure (cloud seismotectonic indicators). To monitor and forecast earth quakes there needs to be space image data, including images at intervals of no less than 15–30 minutes, covering large areas and at a high sampling resolution.
2016
Russia 2030: science and technology foresight
Russia, Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
Micro drone
(Definition) The drone can detect danger flying both indoors and outdoors, and follow to provide information. (Application) Not only fight against the crime, for example, monitoring the crime and tracing the criminal, but also used as a recon (fire, military and so on). (Impact) Personal needs for drones will increase for safety purposes and it can be used for everyday life such as delivery. However, new laws will be required for accidents and invasion of privacy. It is expected to have $ 1.2 billion economic effect.
2014
KISTEP 10 Emerging Technologies 2014
South Korea, Korea Institute of S&T Evaluation and Planning (KISTEP)
Micro-Scale ambient energy harvesting
Example of Organizationsactive in the area: Pavegen (UK), ECEEN (China).
2018
Table of disruptive technologies
Imperial College London
Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC)
Microbial fuel cell is a bio-electrochemical device that directly converts chemical energy in organic matters into electric power, using the catalytic action of microorganism. If sewage/wasted water or waste is processed with this microbial fuel cell, organic pollutants can be utilized as the sustainable raw material that can generate electric power. The sewage/wasted water processing cost can be saved, and economic gain can be obtained by electric power generation.
2012
KISTEP 10 Emerging Technologies 2012
South Korea, Korea Institute of S&T Evaluation and Planning (KISTEP)